كل ما يتعلق بمقرر : || MGT340 || الفصل الثاني 2014-2015 م

[L.H]

احد يعرف اسئلة الايسي حق الفاينل ؟

 

[زَ.]

احد يعرف اسئلة الايسي حق الفاينل ؟

chapter 7 : (p233)

4 . List the key steps in process mapping. Describe the role each step plays in the mapping process.




The steps in developing a process map are to:




Determine the purpose of the process map which helps to establish level of detail and system boundaries.Determine who has the required information or experience.Analyze the process through observation and interviews, document each step.Draw the mapHave the people who are involved in the mapping process as well as others (including those who actually perform the process) review the map for clarity and completeness



8. Discuss at least three reasons why an organization would engage in SC mapping.




There are a number of different reasons a company would engage in supply chain mapping. First, supply chain mapping provides an opportunity to identify waste or redundancy within the supply chain and thereby provides the opportunity to reduce the cost of satisfying the customer. Second, supply chain mapping provides the opportunity to refocus on the end customer and identify intermediary customers that must also be satisfied. This allows for proactive management of the supply chain design to meet shifting customer needs. Finally, supply chain mapping provides the opportunity to address “mental models” or preconceptions/assumptions that underlie the current supply chain but that may no longer be valid in the current market.




chapter 9 : (p 301)


1. Define core competency. Describe the three tests of a core competency.




Core competency is the set of activities, skills, or advantages that distinguishes a company for its competitors. Most industry leaders build their core competencies around a handful of essential skills. A core competence can be identified by addressing the following questions:




· Does the identified skill set contribute significantly to what customers perceive as our organization’s value-added?




· Is the skill set difficult for others to replicate or imitate?




· Are we particularly good at the skill set, or willing to invest the resources to become excellent?




· Is the skill set broad enough that it allows us to the opportunity to enter many diverse markets or businesses?








3. Explain why outsourcing has become an important element of competitive strategy.


Outsourcing has become an important element of competitive strategy because it allows you to leverage the core competencies of select suppliers to deliver greater quality at lower cost thereby satisfying the customer in ways not possible for a single organization operating individually. This allows greater efficiency leading to lower cost, higher profit and greater ROI.








5. Describe two operational and two strategic risks that might be associated with outsourcing.


Outsourcing strategic activities may cause a loss of competitive position. The risks associated with outsourcing can be strategic or tactical. Strategic risk is long-term, perhaps irreversible, risk based on a loss of knowledge related to core activities. Among the various strategic risks identified in the text are:


· Firm loses knowledge and/or technology to perform activity internally


· Supplier develops unique, hard to replicate expertise


· Supplied activities add unique value recognized by customer


· Customer identifies more with the supplier than the original firm


· Firm loses sight of market trends


· Supplier shares knowledge with firm’s competitors





Tactical risk is short-term risk based on use of supplier for capacity, not knowledge. The tactical risks identified in the text are:


· Short-term supply shortages


· Hidden transaction or management costs


· Loss of schedule control


· Short term price fluctuations








9. Define reverse marketing. Discuss how it fits in with the outsourcing decision.


Reverse Marketing is the process of recruiting a supplier to provide an item or service that the supplier not currently providing, or currently unable to provide. This involves the active recruitment of an outsourced supplier. This activity may be necessary when an appropriate supplier is not available in the market but when the outsourcing decision is supported.






chapter 12 p 402)




1. Describe the relationship between information technology and information sharing.


Information technology enables information sharing. Modern information systems are capable of capturing, analyzing, and distributing a massive quantity of data with internal and external constituents. Technology also has minimized the impact of geography on the ability to share information.





2. Describe the possible benefits that companies can achieve by sharing information.


Real-time information regarding availability, delivery, shipping, and invoices allows for improved customer satisfaction. In terms of material/product management, information technology allows the substitution of information for inventory or other resources reduces costs. This helps to increase flexibility.








9. Identify several types of information that should be shared between companies along a supply chain.


At a minimum, companies should share: (1) Sales Data and Sales Forecast, (2) Inventory Levels, (3) Order Status for Tracking/Tracing, (4) Performance Metrics, and (5) Capacity And Capability Information.








10. Describe two problems or challenges of information sharing and think of at least one way to help overcome each of these problems or challenges.


Information sharing in a supply chain faces several hurdles:


· Weak or Counterproductive Relationships- weak or adversarial relationships can impede trust and sharing


· People- buy-in is critical to keep people from sabotaging sharing


· Power- asymmetric power can impede trust and sharing


· Trust- lack of trust impede information sharing


· Security and Risk- confidentiality/security of information must be assured


· Too Much Information- information overload can paralyze operations


· Lack of Standards- lack of common standards impede exchange


· Inaccurate Information- inaccurate info is almost worse than no info


Numerous methods are available to overcome these problems.​